• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The onboard control system (20) of an aircraft (1) comprises a plurality of computers (18) interconnected by an avionics communication network (8), and a data recording device (10) comprising a memory (12) and a network interface (25) by which it is connected to the avionics communication network. This device is configured to: - acquire information from the avionics communication network, as well as information relating to characteristic events relating to the operation of the aircraft; - generate indexes corresponding to different times; recording, in a first part (14) of the memory, indexed data corresponding to the information coming from the avionics communication network, the indexed data comprising a set of records, each record corresponding to the combination of information coming from the data network; avionics communication and an index corresponding to a moment associated with this recording; and - recording, in a second part (15) of the memory, for several of said characteristic events, correspondence information between the characteristic event considered and an index corresponding to a time associated with this characteristic event.
    公开号:FR3038994A1
    申请号:FR1556703
    申请日:2015-07-16
    公开日:2017-01-20
    发明作者:Sebastien Jover；Jean-Philippe Corbefin
    申请人:Airbus Operations SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    System, device and method for recording data in an aircraft The invention relates to an onboard control system of an aircraft, a device and a method for recording data in an aircraft, and to an aircraft comprising such a system.
    The aircraft, in particular the modern transport aircraft, comprise an onboard control system comprising a plurality of computers, such as in particular at least one flight management system of the FMS type ("Flight Management System" in English), at least one flight control computer type FCS ("Flight Control System" in English) adapted to control the control surfaces of the aircraft, an FWS ("Flight Warning System") type of alert management calculator, a computer management of the display in the cockpit of the CDS type ("Cockpit Display System" in English), etc. These calculators are generally called avionic computers and they are interconnected by means of an avionics communication network by means of which they communicate with each other. This avionic communication network may correspond to a set of communication buses compliant with the ARINC 429 standard or a deterministic switched Ethernet communication network compliant with the ARINC 664 part 7 standard, for example an AFDX® communication network.
    It is sometimes necessary to analyze, by means of a device external to the aircraft, information coming from the systems of the aircraft. This information may for example be used for maintenance purposes or for the analysis of flight test data. For this, an application must be installed on an avionics computer of the aircraft, this application being configured to acquire data produced on board the aircraft during the operation of the aircraft, to convert this data into a specific format and to record them. on a removable medium such as, for example, a hard disk. The data acquired by the application can be produced by said avionic computer, or by another avionics computer. When the aircraft is stopped on the ground, this removable medium can be extracted from the aircraft for the exploitation of the data recorded by the aircraft. device external to the aircraft. However, the number of data recorded on the removable medium can be very high, which can sometimes require a high processing time to find the desired data. In addition, it is necessary to install said application on one of the avionics computers. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention is intended to provide a solution to these problems. It relates to an onboard control system of an aircraft, this system comprising a plurality of computers interconnected by an avionic communication network, and a data storage device comprising a memory and a network interface through which the device The data logger is connected to the avionics communication network.
    The system is notable in that the data recording device is configured to: - acquire information from the avionics communication network, as well as information relating to characteristic events relating to the operation of the aircraft; - generate indexes corresponding to different times; recording, in a first part of the memory, indexed data corresponding to the information coming from the avionics communication network, the indexed data comprising a set of records, each record corresponding to the combination of information coming from the avionics communication network and an index corresponding to a moment associated with this record; and - recording, in a second part of the memory, for several of said characteristic events, correspondence information between the characteristic event considered and an index corresponding to a time associated with this characteristic event.
    Thus, thanks to this system, it is possible to find recorded data easily and quickly in order to exploit them on the ground: the knowledge of the characteristic event to which the searched data correspond allows to find, in the second part of the memory, the index associated with this characteristic event. Knowledge of this index then allows quick access to the desired data in the first part of the memory.
    Advantageously, the data recording device comprises a second interface, distinct from the network interface, configured for reading the indexed data recorded in the first part of the memory and / or correspondence information recorded in the second part. memory, by equipment external to the aircraft. Thus, it is not necessary to remove the data recording device from the aircraft to access the recorded data: it is sufficient for this purpose to connect an external device to the aircraft on the second interface and use it to read data contained in the memory of the data recording device.
    According to a first variant embodiment, the data recording device is configured as a subscriber to the communication network and the computers of the onboard system are configured to transmit information to the data recording device.
    According to another variant, the data recording device is configured to acquire information circulating on the communication network between computers connected to this communication network. Thus, no particular configuration of computers connected to the network is necessary for the recording of data by the data recording device.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the data recording device is configured to prohibit the transmission of information from an external equipment to the aircraft to the avionics communication network, when such equipment external to the aircraft is connected to the data recording device by the second interface. This ensures the safety of the avionics network and computers connected to this network.
    In a particular embodiment, the data recording device is configured to encrypt the indexed data and / or the correspondence information before saving it in the memory.
    In one embodiment, the data recording device includes an auto-configuration algorithm configured to adapt the recording of the indexed data according to the communication network. Thus, no particular configuration, or computers connected to the network, or the data recording device, is necessary for the recording of data by the data recording device. The invention also relates to an aircraft comprising an onboard control system as mentioned above. The invention also relates to a data recording device comprising a memory and a network interface provided for connecting the data recording device to an avionic communication network by which a plurality of computers of an onboard control system. an aircraft are interconnected, the data recording device being configured for, when connected to the avionics communication network: - acquiring information from the avionics communication network, as well as information relating to related characteristic events; the operation of the aircraft; - generate indexes corresponding to different times; recording, in a first part of the memory, indexed data corresponding to the information coming from the avionics communication network, the indexed data comprising a set of records, each record corresponding to the combination of information coming from the avionics communication network and an index corresponding to a moment associated with this record; and - recording, in a second part of the memory, for several of said characteristic events, correspondence information between the characteristic event considered and an index corresponding to a time associated with this characteristic event. The invention also relates to a method for recording data in an aircraft comprising an onboard control system, this system comprising a plurality of computers interconnected by an avionic communication network, as well as a device for recording data. data comprising a memory and a network interface through which the data recording device is connected to the avionics communication network.
    The method is remarkable in that it comprises the following steps implemented by the data recording device: - acquiring information from the avionics communication network, as well as information relating to characteristic events relating to the operation the aircraft; - generate indexes corresponding to different times; recording, in a first part of the memory, indexed data corresponding to the information coming from the avionics communication network, the indexed data comprising a set of records, each record corresponding to the combination of information coming from the avionics communication network and an index corresponding to a moment associated with this record; and - recording, in a second part of the memory, for several of said characteristic events, correspondence information between the characteristic event considered and an index corresponding to a time associated with this characteristic event. The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows and on examining the appended figures.
    Figure 1 schematically illustrates an aircraft with a cockpit.
    Figures 2 and 3 show an on-board control system comprising a data recording device, according to one embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 4 illustrates an example of data recording in a data recording device according to an embodiment of the invention. The aircraft 1 shown in FIG. 1 comprises an on-board control system 20 as shown in FIG. 2. The on-board control system 20 comprises a plurality of computers 18 connected to an avionics communication network 8. These computers can example be of type FMS, FCS, FWS, CDS, etc. A data recording device 10 is also connected to the avionics communication network via a network interface 25. This data recording device comprises said network interface 25, a memory 12 comprising at least a first part 14 and a second part 15. The computers 18 and the data recording device 10 may in particular be located in an avionics bay 2 of the aircraft.
    In operation, the various computers 18, interconnected by the communication network 8, exchange information by means of said communication network. The data recording device 10 is configured to acquire information from the avionics communication network 8. For this, in a first embodiment, the data recording device captures said information exchanged between the different computers 18 by means of communication network. No parameterization, nor computers 18, nor the communication network, is then necessary for the data recording device to capture this information. In order not to disturb the operation of the avionics communication network, the data recording device can be connected to this network by means of an optical isolator. In a second embodiment, the communication network 8 is configured to send said information exchanged between the different computers 18 also to the data storage device 10. In the case of an ARINC compliant communication network 429, communication buses on which this information is transmitted are connected not only to the computers 18 concerned, but also to inputs of the data recording device. In the case of a deterministic switched Ethernet type communication network, for example an AFDX® communication network, the network comprises switches comprising configuration tables in which are configured virtual links on which the information flows between the different computers. . These configuration tables are then defined in such a way that these virtual links arrive at the data recording device. In these first two embodiments, no specific configuration of computers 18 is necessary. In a third embodiment, the data recording device 10 is configured as a usual subscriber of the communication network 8. The computers 18 concerned, as well as any switches of the communication network 8, are then configured to transmit information. to the data recording device 10 for recording data corresponding to this information.
    The data recording device 10 is also configured to acquire information relating to characteristic events relating to the operation of the aircraft. These characteristic events may for example correspond to the flight phases of the aircraft (for example: taxiing, take-off, climb phase, cruising flight, descent phase, landing, taxiing), system failures. of the aircraft, at particular flight conditions of the aircraft (for example a hard landing, turbulence, etc.), at particular conditions relating to the geographical position of the aircraft (for example the crossing of a geographical limit or altitude), to a particular data traffic on a communication link, at predetermined times (for example every second or every minute), etc. This information can in particular come from one or more particular computers of the aircraft, for example an FMS flight management computer for the characteristic events corresponding to flight phases of the aircraft, a maintenance computer of the aircraft for the characteristic events corresponding to failures of aircraft systems, etc. Several alternatives are possible for this: according to a first alternative, the data recording device is configured to retrieve the information relating to the characteristic events from the information exchanged between the computers 18 on the communication network 8. This information relating to the characteristic events can for example correspond to information sent by the particular calculator (s) to another computer. According to a second alternative, the communication network 8 is configured to transmit this information relating to the characteristic events to the data recording device on a specific link, for example a specific bus in the case of a network complying with the ARINC 429 standard. , or a specific virtual link in the case of an AFDX® communication network. According to a third alternative, the particular computer (s) is (are) configured to transmit this information relating to the characteristic events to the data recording device by means of the communication network.
    The data recording device 10 is configured to generate indexes corresponding to different times. This device records indexed data, corresponding to the information from the avionics network, in a first part 14 of the memory 12. This indexed data comprises a set of records, each record corresponding to the combination of information from the avionics communication network. and an index corresponding to a moment associated with this record. Indexed data is called because each record has an index. The data recording device 10 also records, in a second part 15 of the memory 12, for the different characteristic events, correspondence information between the characteristic event considered and an index corresponding to a time associated with this characteristic event. Several alternatives are possible for generating the indexes by the data recording device: according to a first alternative, each index corresponds to a number, successive numbers (which may be consecutive or non-consecutive) being generated for successive instants. For example, for a first instant, the device 10 generates an index equal to 1, for a second instant it generates an index equal to 2, for a third instant it generates an index equal to 3, and so on. In particular, these numbers can be produced by means of a counter incremented according to a predetermined period: successive numbers generated for successive instants are then generally not consecutive since the successive instants are then generally asynchronous with respect to the increment period of the counter. According to a second alternative, the indexes generated by the device 10 correspond to a time stamp: an index generated for a moment t is then a number or a set of numbers representing this instant t (for example, year, month, day, hour, minute, second and possibly milliseconds). As indicated above, each record recorded in the first part 14 of the memory 12 corresponds to the combination of information from the avionics communication network and an index (generated by the data recording device 10) corresponding to a moment associated with this registration. Several alternatives are possible with regard to the moment associated with a recording. According to a first alternative, this instant corresponds to the instant at which the data recording device 10 records this recording in the first part 14 of the memory 12. According to a second alternative, this instant corresponds to the instant at which the corresponding information this record has been acquired from the avionics communication network by the data recording device 10. According to another alternative, in the particular case where the information acquired from the avionics communication network is time stamped, this instant corresponds to the time stamp of the information. According to one embodiment, the information recorded in each record of the first area of the memory corresponds directly to the information coming from the avionic communication network 8, acquired by the data recording device 10, without modifying the format of said information. This makes it possible later to carry out, outside the aircraft, a processing of the recorded data, in the same way as if it were a processing, on board the aircraft, of information circulating on the network. In another embodiment, the information from the avionics communication network 8 acquired by the data recording device 10 is processed by the data recording device 10 so as to put them in a format. determined. The recorded information then corresponds to the information thus processed by the data recording device 10. This embodiment can make it possible to record all the data in the same format, whatever the nature of the information and / or the computers having sent this information on the avionics network. In a particular embodiment, the data can be encrypted so as to guarantee the confidentiality of the data stored in the memory 12.
    In a particular embodiment, the data recording device comprises an auto configuration algorithm configured to adapt the recording of the indexed data according to the communication network. For example, the recording of the data can be adapted according to the computer having issued the corresponding information on the communication network. In particular, the first portion 14 of the memory can be subdivided into several subparts, each subpart being used to record data corresponding to information from a particular computer. In the case where a new computer is connected to the communication network, the data recording device 10 is then able to recognize information transmitted on the communication network by this new computer. It then records data corresponding to this information in a new subpart (associated with this new calculator) of the first part 14 of the memory.
    In one embodiment, the memory 12 of the data recording device 10 corresponds to a hard disk or to a non-volatile memory, for example a "Flash" type memory such as that used in the usual manner in static disks. type SSD ("Solid State Device" in English) or in memory cards. The first part 14 of the memory 12 corresponds to at least a first file recorded on this disk or to this non-volatile memory and the second part 15 of the memory corresponds to at least a second file recorded on this disk or on this non-volatile memory .
    The data recording device 10 comprises a second interface 16, distinct from the network interface 25. The second interface 16 is configured to allow reading of the indexed data and / or correspondence information by equipment external to the aircraft . Thus, it is not necessary to remove the data recording device from the aircraft to access the recorded data: as shown in FIG. 3, all that is required is to connect an external device 24 to the aircraft on this second interface, by means of a link 22, and use this external device to read data contained in the memory of the data recording device. The second interface 16 is preferably of a standardized type usually used in the computer field, such as for example an interface compliant with a standard of the USB or Wifi type, which facilitates the connection of the external equipment to this interface. The data recording device is then similar, for the external equipment, to a removable hard disk or a USB key. The external equipment may in particular correspond to a laptop, a tablet, etc. An operator who wishes to retrieve data recorded in the data recording device 10 generally knows which characteristic event are relative to which data he wishes to recover. He can then use the external equipment 24 to read data in the second part 15 of the memory 12, so as to find, in the correspondence information, an index corresponding to the relevant characteristic event. Knowledge of said index then makes it possible to directly access, in the first part 14 of the memory 12, the data recorded for the characteristic event considered. More particularly, this index provides access to the first data recorded for the characteristic event considered. If the second part 15 of the memory 12 furthermore contains information relating to a characteristic event subsequent to the characteristic event considered, it is then possible to read, in the correspondence information, a second index i2 corresponding to a characteristic event following the characteristic event considered. This second index makes it possible to access, in the first part 14 of the memory 12, the first data recorded for the characteristic event following the characteristic event considered. This allows to delimit a subpart of the first part 14 of the memory 12, in which are recorded the data corresponding to the characteristic event considered. Reading the indexes il and i2 in the second part of the memory thus makes it possible to rapidly determine said subpart of the first part 14 of the memory 12 in which the data sought is recorded. It is then not necessary to read all the data recorded in the first part 14 of the memory 12. In the example illustrated in FIG. 4, it is assumed that an operator wishes to recover data relating to a characteristic event. "Evt2" corresponding for example to a take-off phase of the aircraft. The data recorded in the first part 14 of the memory correspond to a set of records each corresponding to a line of the figure, each record comprising an index, a header of data, a set of data (datai, data2, ... dataN) as well as an end of recording (trailer) indicator. The indexes shown in the figure correspond to numbers. These numbers were produced by means of a counter, as previously described, and therefore the index numbers of consecutive records are not necessarily consecutive. The correspondence information recorded in the second part of the memory corresponds to a set of lines each corresponding to a characteristic event. Each line contains an index number corresponding to a start time of the characteristic event considered (1, 140, 590, 878, 1203), as well as an identifier of the characteristic event (Evt1, Evt2, ... Evt5). To recover the data corresponding to the characteristic event "Evt2", the operator searches for "Evt2" in the correspondence information recorded in the second part of the memory and identifies the corresponding index 140. Since this index 140 lies between the successive indexes 122 and 169 of the lines of the first part 14 of the memory, it follows that the recorded data corresponding to the characteristic event "Evt2" begin at the index line 169. In the second part of the memory, the line following the line relating to the characteristic event "Evt2" corresponds to the characteristic event "Evt3" for which the index is 590. This index 590 being between the successive indexes 576 and 613 lines of the first part 14 of the memory, it follows that the recorded data corresponding to the characteristic event "Evt3" start at the index line 613 and the recorded data corresponding to the characteristic event "Evt2" end at the index line 576. Therefore, the data corresponding to the characteristic event "Evt2" are recorded in a s ou-part sp2 of the first part 14 of the memory, corresponding to the lines whose indexes are between 169 and 576 inclusive. The aforementioned operations can be performed by the operator. However, preferably, they are implemented by a software application installed on the external equipment 24: the operator then indicates to this application the nature of the data that he wishes to recover (for example the identifier of the event characteristic corresponding to the data it wishes to recover) and the software application then automatically retrieves this data in the data recording device 10.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the data recording device 10 is configured so as not to send information on the communication network 8. For example, it can be connected to the communication network 8 by means of a communication device. optical isolator. This ensures the security of the avionics communication network when external equipment 24 is connected to the data recording device 10 by the link 22. The invention is also of interest in the case where a software application installed on a computer connected to the avionics communication network must record information during the operation of the aircraft. This application may for example be a maintenance application installed on a maintenance computer of the aircraft, for which it may be necessary to record information relating to failures that occurred during the operation of the aircraft. Thanks to the invention, rather than having to make requests to record this information, the application can simply send this information over the avionics communication network and the data recording device 10 then automatically stores this information. This simplifies the management of the recording of information by the application. In addition, it is not necessary to provide a specific device for recording information.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    An aircraft control system (20) (1), this system comprising a plurality of computers (18) interconnected by an avionics communication network (8), as well as a data recording device (10) having a memory (12) and a network interface (25) by which the data recording device is connected to the avionics communication network, characterized in that the data recording device is configured to: - acquire information from the avionics communication network, as well as information relating to characteristic events relating to the operation of the aircraft; - generate indexes corresponding to different times; recording, in a first part (14) of the memory, indexed data corresponding to the information coming from the avionics communication network, the indexed data comprising a set of records, each record corresponding to the combination of information coming from the data network; avionics communication and an index corresponding to a moment associated with this recording; and - recording, in a second part (15) of the memory, for several of said characteristic events, correspondence information between the characteristic event considered and an index corresponding to a time associated with this characteristic event.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2- System according to claim 1, characterized in that the data recording device comprises a second interface (16), distinct from the network interface (25), configured for reading the indexed data recorded in the first part of the memory and / or correspondence information recorded in the second part of the memory, by a device (24) external to the aircraft.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3- System according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the data recording device is configured as a subscriber to the communication network (8) and onboard computer calculators are configured to transmit information at the data recording device (10).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4- System according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the data recording device is configured to acquire information flowing over the communication network, between computers connected to this communication network.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. System according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the data recording device is configured to prohibit the transmission of information from an external equipment (24) to the aircraft to the network. avionics communication (8), when such equipment external to the aircraft is connected to the data recording device by the second interface (16).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the data recording device is configured to encrypt the indexed data and / or the correspondence information before saving them in the memory.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7- System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the data recording device comprises an auto configuration algorithm configured to adapt the recording of the indexed data according to the communication network.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    A data storage device (10) having a memory (12) and a network interface (25) for connecting the data storage device to an avionics communication network (8) by which a plurality of computers (18) of an onboard control system (20) of an aircraft (1) are interconnected, characterized in that the data recording device is configured for, when connected to the avionics communication network: - acquiring information from the avionics communication network, as well as information relating to characteristic events relating to the operation of the aircraft; - generate indexes corresponding to different times; recording, in a first part (14) of the memory (12), indexed data corresponding to the information coming from the avionic communication network, the indexed data comprising a set of records, each record corresponding to the combination of information from the avionics communication network and an index corresponding to a moment associated with this recording; and - recording, in a second part (15) of the memory, for several of said characteristic events, correspondence information between the characteristic event considered and an index corresponding to a time associated with this characteristic event.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9- Aircraft (1) comprising an onboard control system (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10- A method of recording data in an aircraft (1) comprising an onboard control system (20), this system comprising a plurality of computers (18) interconnected by an avionics communication network (8), as well as a data recording device (10) having a memory (12) and a network interface (25) by which the data recording device is connected to the avionics communication network, the method being characterized in that it comprises the following steps implemented by the data recording device: - acquiring information from the avionics communication network, as well as information relating to characteristic events relating to the operation of the aircraft; - generate indexes corresponding to different times; recording, in a first part (14) of the memory, indexed data corresponding to the information coming from the avionics communication network, the indexed data comprising a set of records, each record corresponding to the combination of information coming from the data network; avionics communication and an index corresponding to a moment associated with this recording; and - recording, in a second part (15) of the memory, for several of said characteristic events, correspondence information between the characteristic event considered and an index corresponding to a time associated with this characteristic event.
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    同族专利:
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    法律状态:
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    2017-07-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
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    2021-07-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1556703A|FR3038994B1|2015-07-16|2015-07-16|SYSTEM, DEVICE AND METHOD FOR RECORDING DATA IN AN AIRCRAFT|FR1556703A| FR3038994B1|2015-07-16|2015-07-16|SYSTEM, DEVICE AND METHOD FOR RECORDING DATA IN AN AIRCRAFT|
    US15/207,139| US10332324B2|2015-07-16|2016-07-11|System, device and method for recording data in an aircraft|
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